美丽的英语怎么写 美丽的英语单词怎么写
形容词(adjective),是用来修饰名词,说明事物或人的特征或性质的词,常放在它所修饰的名词之前。如:
a lovely baby一个可爱的婴儿
the beautiful picture那幅美丽的图画
1、形容词的用法
形容词在句中可用作:
(1)定语
He is a good boy.他是个好孩子。
The Chinese Communist Party is a great party.中国共产党是伟大的党。
(2)表语
The film is both moving and instructive.这部电影很感动人,而且富有教育意义。
I am very glad to see you.见到你很高兴。
(3)宾语补足语 和宾语一起构成复合宾语。如:
Have you got everything ready for the journey? 你行装都准备好了吗?
We keep our rooms clean and tidy.我们经常保持房间的整洁。
(4)相当于名词 某些形容词前用定冠词the,变成名词化的形容词,可在句中作主语、宾语等。如:
The young are active.青年人积极好动。(the young作主语)
The blind can learn to read with their fingertips. 盲人能够用指尖学习阅读书籍。(the blind作主语)
He has a keen sense of the new.他对新鲜事物有敏锐的感觉。(the new作宾语)
注1:上述三例中的the young = the young people,the blind the Blind people,the new the new things.
注2:在The sun rose red(旭日升起)中的形容词red和Don&39;t marry young(不要早婚)中的形容词young都是主语补足语。
2、形容词在句中的位置
(1)形容词修饰名词时,一般放在名词前,如果有两个或两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时,关系最密切者最靠近被修饰的名词。如:
a thick brown woolen scarf一条厚厚的羊毛围巾。
(2)英语中,something,anything等不定代词被形容词修饰时,形容词放在代词的后面,作后置定语。
I have something special for you.
Are there anything new ?
(3)有少数形容词,既可放在它所修饰的名词前,也可放在它所修饰的名词后。如:
He has enough time.
He has time enough
3、形容词的分类
(1)描述性形容词
表示名词的性质、颜色、大小和状态等的形容词。如:
He bought some new books. 他买了一些新书。
These books are new. 这些书是新的。
She wrote the letter with blue ink. 她用蓝墨水写了那封信。
The ink is blue. 这些墨水是蓝色的。
(2)物质类形容词
由物质名词充当或物质名词转换而成的形容词。如:
This glass dish looks very fragile. 这个玻璃盘子看起来很容易碎。
It&39;s a glassy substance. 这是一种像玻璃一样光滑的物质。
(3)数量性形容词
不定代词之后接名词时即成为数量形容词。如:
We got there without any trouble. 我们顺利到达那里。
We&39;ll see some friends tomorrow. 我们明天将去看一些朋友
(4)专有形容词
由专有名词转换而成的形容词如地名、国名等。如:
He is a Chinese ambassador. 他是中国的大使。
He was born in Shanghai. 他出生于上海。
(5)物主形容词
包括人称代词的所有格(形容词性物主代词)和名词的所有格。如:
My room is just above. 我的房间就在楼上。
Acquaint him with your plans. 把你的计划告诉他。
(6)指示性形容词
指示代词this,that,these,those之后接名词或one/ones,成为指示形容词。如:
This book of Joe&39;s is very amusing. 乔的这本书非常有趣。
I dislike man of that type. 我不喜欢那一类型的人。
(7)疑问性形容词
疑问代词which,whose,what之后接名词或代词,成为疑问形容词。如:
Whose bike is it? 这是谁的自行车?
What books have you read on this subject? 你读过哪些关于这方面的书?
(8)关系形容词
关系代词which,whose,what之后接名词,成为关系形容词。如:
The men whose names were called left the room. 哪些被叫到名字的人离开了房间。
Do you give her what money you had? 你把你所有的钱都给了她吗?
(9)副词性形容词
有少数副词由于没有相应的形容词,也可以充当形容词。如:
The ball here is mine. 这儿的这个球是我的。
He caught the up train. 他赶上了上行的火车。
(10)动词性形容词
由动词转化成的形容词,即现在分词、过去分词。如:
In spring we uncover the swimming pool. 春天我们移去游泳池的覆盖物。
There is running water in the kitchen and the bathroom. 厨房和卫生间都有自来水。
4、形容词的比较级和最高级
一般情况下,形容词有三个比较等级:原级、比较级和最高级。
(1)原级
平常所见到的形容词叫原级,即形容词的原形,如:
big, small ,beautiful 等
(2)比较级
形容词的比较级用于两个人或物之间作比较。主要句型为:主语+系动词+比较级+than +其他。如:
He is taller than his brother .
(3)最高级
形容词的最高级是在两个以上的人或物之间的比较。最常用的结构是:the+最高级+名词+其他。
This tree is the tallest in the wood .
5、单音节和双音节形容词的比较级和最高级的变化规则
(1)单音节词和双音节词一般在原级的词尾加-er构成比较级,加-est构成最高级,如:
tall - taller - tallest
(2)以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词,先变y为i,再加-er构成比较级,加-est 构成最高级,如:heavy - heavier - heaviest
(3)以重读闭音节结尾的形容词,先双写后一个辅音字母,再加-er构成比较级,加-est构成最高级,如:big- bigger - biggest
(4) 以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词,加上-r,-st构成比较级、最高级,如:
large- larger- largest
6、多音节形容词和部分双音节形容词比较级和最高级的构成
在单词前面加more构成比较级,加most构成最高级,如:
beautiful - more beautiful - most beautiful
注:某些单音节形容词,tired,right,glad等,加more, most构成比较级和最高级,如:
glad - more glad - most glad
7、形容词比较级和最高级变化不规则的有:
good - better - best
many-more一most
little -less -least
much-more-most
bad / ill→worse→worst
little→less→least
far→farther→farthest(表示距离)
far→further→furthest (表示程度)
old→older / elder→oldest /eldest
8、形容词比较等级的用法
(1)原级用法
★原级比较:as+形容词或副词原级+as
在否定句或疑问句中可用so.…as。
例如:He can not run so fast as you.
当as.…as中间有名词时采用以下格式:
as +形容词+a+数名词
as+many/much+名词
如:This is as good an example as the other is.
I can carry as much paper as you can.
用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时,放在as的前面。
如:This room is twice as big as that one.
I can carry as much paper as you can..
用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时,放在as的前面。
如:This room is twice as big as that one.
Your room is the same size as mine.
★倍数表达法
A is three(four, etc) times the size (height,length etc.)of B.
如:The new building is four times the size(the height)of the old one.这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(高)/这座新楼比那座旧楼大(高)三倍。
A is three(four, etc.) times as big (high,long,etc.)as B.
如:Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大/亚洲比欧洲大三倍。
A is three (four etc.) times bigger (higher, longer etc.) than B.
如:Your school is three times bigger than ours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。
用times表倍数通常用于三倍以上,两倍可以用twice或double.
(2)比较级的用法
形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,结构形式如下:
★ A+is/ arm/are 形容词比较级+than+B
如:She is taller than
Tom is more athletic than Sam.
★比较级+and+比较级,表示“越来越”
例如:warmer and warmer
nicer and nicer
more and more beautiful
★ the+比较级……,the+比较级……
如:The more you read the book, the more interesting you found.
★比较级的修饰语有:much,far,even,a little,a bit,a lot 等。
如:He made fewer mistakes than I did.
He is even richer than I.
(4)最高级的用法
形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较,其结构形式为:主语+谓语(系动词)+the +形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句,比较常用在in,of 或among的结构中,形容词最高级前+the.
如:I am the best of the three.
He is the thinnest boy in my class.
9、形容词比较等级的特殊用法
(1)形容词原级表示比较级含义:
如:John is not so stupid as Mike.
John is less stupid than Mike.
John is cleverer than Mike.约翰不象迈克那么笨。
(2)用比较级表示最高级:
如:约翰是班里最高的男生。
John is taller than any other boy in the class.
John is the tallest boy in the class.
John is taller than any other boy.
(3) the more.……the more..表示越.….越…….
如:The more books you read,the wider your knowledge is.
The more food you eat,the fatter you are.
(4)more and more..表示越来…….越……
如:More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language.
Our country is getting stronger and stronger.
(5)如在两者间表示最……时,要在比较级前加the,而且还用of the two,of the pair短语:
如:John is the clever of the two boys.
of the two boys,John is the clever.
2023.03.29